{"id":10650,"date":"2025-06-17T11:35:53","date_gmt":"2025-06-17T11:35:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/?p=10650"},"modified":"2025-06-24T14:04:44","modified_gmt":"2025-06-24T14:04:44","slug":"co-jsou-hromadna-podstatna-jmena","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/cs\/co-jsou-hromadna-podstatna-jmena\/","title":{"rendered":"Co jsou to hromadn\u00e1 podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na? Nau\u010dte se to na p\u0159\u00edkladech"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A <strong>hejno<\/strong> pt\u00e1k\u016f. Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch <strong>t\u00fdm<\/strong> vyhr\u00e1v\u00e1. A <strong>gaggle<\/strong> hus\u00ed. Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch <strong>vra\u017eda<\/strong> vran.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u0161echny tyto zv\u00fdrazn\u011bn\u00e9 v\u011bty pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed hromadn\u00e1 podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na - slova, kter\u00e1 popisuj\u00ed skupiny jako jeden celek.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u016fvodn\u011b se tato slova pou\u017e\u00edvala v roce 1486, kdy se objevila kolektivn\u00ed slova <a href=\"https:\/\/auduboncnc.org\/the-fascinating-history-of-collective-nouns\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">v The <em>Kniha Saint Albans<\/em><\/a>, jeho\u017e autorem je<strong> Dame Juliana Bernersov\u00e1,<\/strong> \u0161lechti\u010dna, kter\u00e1 se stala jepti\u0161kou.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kniha se zam\u011b\u0159ila na popul\u00e1rn\u00ed <strong>gentlemansk\u00e9 z\u00e1bavy<\/strong> doby: lov, lovectv\u00ed a heraldika.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V p\u0159\u00edloze Berners p\u0159ipojil hrav\u00fd seznam<strong> 165 hromadn\u00fdch podstatn\u00fdch jmen.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u011bkter\u00e9 z nich byly praktick\u00e9 term\u00edny, kter\u00e9 lovci pou\u017e\u00edvali - jako<strong><em> hejno hus.<\/em><\/strong> Jin\u00e9 byly pou\u017eity s humorem, jako nap\u0159. <strong><em>melodie harfist\u016f nebo v\u00fdbuch lovc\u016f.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Postupem \u010dasu se tyto v\u00fdrazy vyvinuly do podoby, kterou dnes naz\u00fdv\u00e1me <strong>hromadn\u00e1 podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na<\/strong>-form\u00e1ln\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st anglick\u00e9 gramatiky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tento blog obsahuje v\u0161e, co pot\u0159ebujete v\u011bd\u011bt o <strong>hromadn\u00e1 podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dozv\u00edte se definici hromadn\u00fdch podstatn\u00fdch jmen, uvid\u00edte v\u00edce ne\u017e 100 p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f z praxe a pochop\u00edte, jak se li\u0161\u00ed od b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch podstatn\u00fdch jmen v mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vysv\u011btl\u00edme v\u00e1m tak\u00e9, kdy s nimi zach\u00e1zet jako s <strong>jednotn\u00e9 nebo mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong>-a jak je spr\u00e1vn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvat p\u0159i psan\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Poj\u010fme se do toho pono\u0159it.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 poznatky<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na hromadn\u00e1 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed skupiny jako jednotliv\u00e9 jednotky. Slova jako nap\u0159. <em>t\u00fdm<\/em>, <em>hejno<\/em>, nebo <em>v\u00fdbor<\/em> reprezentovat v\u00edce \u010dlen\u016f jako jednu jednotku.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Gramatika se li\u0161\u00ed podle regionu. Americk\u00e1 angli\u010dtina pova\u017euje hromadn\u00e1 podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na za jednotn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo, zat\u00edmco britsk\u00e1 angli\u010dtina m\u016f\u017ee v z\u00e1vislosti na kontextu pou\u017e\u00edvat jednotn\u00e9 nebo mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Volbu slovesa ur\u010duje kontext. Pokud skupina vystupuje jako jeden celek, pou\u017e\u00edvejte slovesa v jednotn\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle (<em>T\u00fdm vyhr\u00e1v\u00e1<\/em>) a mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo, kdy\u017e \u010dlenov\u00e9 jednaj\u00ed individu\u00e1ln\u011b (<em>T\u00fdm se h\u00e1d\u00e1<\/em>-UK pou\u017eit\u00ed).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>P\u0159i\u0159a\u010fte z\u00e1jmena ke sloves\u016fm. Slovesa v jednotn\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle se p\u00e1ruj\u00ed s <em>it\/its<\/em>; slovesa v mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed <em>oni\/jejich<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ne v\u0161echna skupinov\u00e1 slova jsou hromadn\u00e1.  Slova jako nap\u0159. <em>zam\u011bstnanci<\/em> a <em>\u017eidle<\/em> jsou pouze plur\u00e1ly, nikoliv kolektivy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co jsou to hromadn\u00e1 podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na? (definice)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no hromadn\u00e9 je jedno slovo, kter\u00e9 ozna\u010duje skupinu lid\u00ed, zv\u00ed\u0159at nebo v\u011bc\u00ed, je\u017e vystupuj\u00ed jako jeden celek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>P\u0159\u00edklad:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>T\u00fdm vyhr\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Zde, <strong>\"t\u00fdm\"<\/strong> zahrnuje v\u00edce hr\u00e1\u010d\u016f, ale chov\u00e1 se jako jeden subjekt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Z gramatick\u00e9ho hlediska pat\u0159\u00ed hromadn\u00e1 podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na mezi po\u010ditateln\u00e1 podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na. Po\u010ditateln\u00e9 podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no je n\u011bco, co lze vy\u010d\u00edslit:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Jeden v\u00fdbor, dva v\u00fdbory<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0158ada ud\u00e1lost\u00ed<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>N\u011bkolik rodin<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Nepo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1te v\u0161ak jednotlivce, ale skupinu jako celek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>P\u0159\u00edklad:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Rodina p\u0159ij\u00ed\u017ed\u00ed ve 20 hodin.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\"Rodina\"<\/strong> je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za jednu jednotku, proto je v jednotn\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle uvedeno sloveso \"p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>U hromadn\u00fdch podstatn\u00fdch jmen nejde o pouh\u00e9 pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed skupiny polo\u017eek, ale o pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed jejich spole\u010dn\u00e9ho p\u016fsoben\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159em\u00fd\u0161lejte o tom takto - kdybyste vyjmenovali ka\u017ed\u00e9ho \u010dlena zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165. <em>(hr\u00e1\u010d jedna, hr\u00e1\u010d dv\u011b, hr\u00e1\u010d t\u0159i...)<\/em>, zam\u011b\u0159ili byste se na jednotlivce.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ale kdy\u017e \u0159eknete. <strong>\"t\u00fdm\"<\/strong>, v\u0161echny tyto identity shrnete do jednoho funk\u010dn\u00edho celku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">+100 p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f hromadn\u00fdch podstatn\u00fdch jmen<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Collective-nouns-002-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10660\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Collective-nouns-002-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Collective-nouns-002-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Collective-nouns-002-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Collective-nouns-002-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Collective-nouns-002.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Zde je n\u011bkolik p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f hromadn\u00fdch podstatn\u00fdch jmen uspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00fdch podle typu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1 - Souborn\u00e1 podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na pro lidi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch <strong>t\u00fdm<\/strong> tr\u00e9nuje na \u0161ampion\u00e1t.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch <strong>pos\u00e1dka<\/strong> se dnes brzy r\u00e1no nalodil na lo\u010f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>skupina<\/strong> turist\u016f nav\u0161t\u00edvilo muzeum.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch <strong>zam\u011bstnanci<\/strong> se sch\u00e1z\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9 pond\u011bl\u00ed, aby napl\u00e1novala t\u00fdden.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch <strong>t\u0159\u00edda<\/strong> byl b\u011bhem testu klidn\u00fd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jej\u00ed <strong>rodina<\/strong> se sch\u00e1z\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd sv\u00e1tek.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch <strong>publikum<\/strong> tleskali \u00fa\u010dinkuj\u00edc\u00edm.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>dav<\/strong> kolem pouli\u010dn\u00edho um\u011blce.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch <strong>kapela<\/strong> hr\u00e1l na svatebn\u00ed hostin\u011b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch <strong>sbor<\/strong> zp\u00edv\u00e1 b\u011bhem ned\u011bln\u00ed bohoslu\u017eby.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>St\u0159edn\u011b pokro\u010dil\u00fd<\/strong><br>11. . <strong>v\u00fdbor<\/strong> se dohodli na kone\u010dn\u00e9m n\u00e1vrhu.<br>12. Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch .<strong> porota<\/strong> dos\u00e1hl jednomysln\u00e9ho verdiktu.<br>13. A <strong>panel <\/strong>porotc\u016f hodnotilo p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky.<br>14. Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch . <strong>fakulta <\/strong>podporuje zm\u011bnu u\u010debn\u00edch osnov.<br>15. Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch <strong>spole\u010dnost<\/strong> uvedla na trh novou produktovou \u0159adu.<br>16. Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch<strong> deska <\/strong>se sch\u00e1z\u00ed \u010dtvrtletn\u011b, aby zhodnotila v\u00fdkonnost.<br>17. . <strong>rada <\/strong>hlasoval pro pozm\u011b\u0148ovac\u00ed n\u00e1vrh.<br>18. Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch<strong> pluk <\/strong>pochodovali p\u0159es n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed.<br>19. Tanec <strong>soubor <\/strong>v cel\u00e9 Evrop\u011b.<br>20. Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch . <strong>syndik\u00e1t<\/strong> investoval do realitn\u00edch podnik\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pokro\u010dil\u00e9<\/strong><br>21. Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch <strong>sbor<\/strong> shrom\u00e1\u017edili k ve\u010dern\u00edm modlitb\u00e1m.<br>22. A <strong>posse <\/strong>\u0161erif\u016f prohledali oblast.<br>23. A <strong>delegace<\/strong> z Francie se z\u00fa\u010dastnil summitu.<br>24. A <strong>karavan<\/strong> obchodn\u00edk\u016f p\u0159es pou\u0161\u0165.<br>25. . <strong>mont\u00e1\u017e <\/strong>diskutovali o nal\u00e9hav\u00fdch ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch.<br>26. A <strong>strana <\/strong>horolezc\u016f dos\u00e1hlo vrcholu.<br>27. Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch . <strong>orchestr<\/strong> nacvi\u010doval p\u0159ed koncertem.<br>28. Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch . <strong>obsazen\u00ed <\/strong>hry se naposledy uklonil.<br>29. . <strong>pracovn\u00ed skupina<\/strong> \u0159e\u0161ila hrozby kybernetick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti.<br>30. Po\u017e\u00e1r <strong>brig\u00e1da <\/strong>reagoval rychle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2 - Souborn\u00e1 podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na pro zv\u00ed\u0159ata<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed<\/strong><br>31. A <strong>hejno<\/strong> nad hlavou p\u0159el\u00e9talo mno\u017estv\u00ed pt\u00e1k\u016f.<br>32. Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch <strong>st\u00e1do <\/strong>klidn\u011b se p\u00e1sly kr\u00e1vy.<br>33. A <strong>balen\u00ed<\/strong> v d\u00e1lce zavyli vlci.<br>34. A <strong>\u0161kola<\/strong> ryb, kter\u00e9 se proh\u00e1n\u011bly po vod\u011b.<br>35. A <strong>roj<\/strong> v\u010del obklopily \u00fal.<br>36. A <strong>kolonie<\/strong> mravenc\u016f vybudovalo tunely v podzem\u00ed.<br>37. A <strong>odpadky <\/strong>\u0161t\u011b\u0148ata si hr\u00e1la na dvo\u0159e.<br>38. A <strong>gaggle<\/strong> husy p\u0159eb\u00edhaly p\u0159es silnici.<br>39. A <strong>pod<\/strong> pod\u00e9l lodi plavali delf\u00edni.<br>40. A <strong>hn\u00edzdo <\/strong>vos visely na v\u011btvi stromu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>St\u0159edn\u011b pokro\u010dil\u00fd<\/strong><br>41. A<strong> pride <\/strong>lv\u016f odpo\u010d\u00edvalo ve st\u00ednu.<br>42. A <strong>odd\u00edl<\/strong> opic \u0161plhalo po stromech.<br>43. A <strong>klaun<\/strong> ko\u010dky se povalovaly na slunci.<br>44. A <strong>brood<\/strong> ml\u00e1\u010fat n\u00e1sledovalo svou matku.<br>45. A <strong>\u0159\u00eddil<\/strong> prasat se bl\u00ed\u017eila ke stodole.<br>46. A <strong>parlament<\/strong> ti\u0161e sed\u00edc\u00ed sovy.<br>47. A <strong>vod\u00edtko <\/strong>ps\u016f bylo vypu\u0161t\u011bno na lov.<br>48. A <strong>raft <\/strong>kachen plulo po jeze\u0159e.<br>49. A<strong> let<\/strong> vla\u0161tovek se pohybovalo ve formaci.<br>50. A <strong>bevy<\/strong> k\u0159epelky se p\u0159i tom zvuku rozprchly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pokro\u010dil\u00e9 \/ vz\u00e1cn\u00e9<\/strong><br>51. Vra\u017eda - A<strong> vra\u017eda<\/strong> vr\u00e1ny krou\u017eily v korun\u00e1ch strom\u016f.<br>52. Skulk - A <strong>skulk <\/strong>li\u0161ek se pl\u00ed\u017eilo podrostem.<br>53. Crash - A<strong> hav\u00e1rie <\/strong>nosoro\u017ec\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se proh\u00e1n\u011bli po pl\u00e1n\u00edch.<br>54. . <strong>p\u0159epaden\u00ed <\/strong>tygr\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed \u010d\u00edhali pobl\u00ed\u017e.<br>55. A <strong>bal\u00edk<\/strong> \u017eelvy se vyh\u0159\u00edvaly na sk\u00e1le.<br>56. A <strong>uzel <\/strong>ropuch shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00fdch u rybn\u00edka.<br>57. . <strong>arm\u00e1da <\/strong>po de\u0161ti se objevily \u017e\u00e1by.<br>58. A <strong>sleuth<\/strong> se lesem potulovali medv\u011bdi.<br>59. A<strong> chv\u011bn\u00ed <\/strong>pod hladinou plavali \u017eraloci.<br>60. A<strong> scurry <\/strong>veverek, kter\u00e9 se vrhly na stromy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3 - Podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na hromadn\u00e1 pro p\u0159edm\u011bty<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed<\/strong><br>61. A <strong>hromada <\/strong>oble\u010den\u00ed le\u017eelo na podlaze.<br>62. A<strong> z\u00e1sobn\u00edk<\/strong> Knihy zakr\u00fdvaly okno.<br>63. A<strong> svazek <\/strong>hrozn\u016f zav\u011b\u0161en\u00fdch na vinn\u00e9 r\u00e9v\u011b.<br>64. A <strong>dvojice <\/strong>boty le\u017eely u dve\u0159\u00ed.<br>65. A <strong>nastavit <\/strong>n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed chyb\u011blo kladivo.<br>66. A <strong>skupina<\/strong> kl\u00ed\u010d\u016f byl nalezen na pultu.<br>67. A <strong>svazek<\/strong> z klack\u016f byl sv\u00e1z\u00e1n prov\u00e1zkem.<br>68. A <strong>balen\u00ed<\/strong> karty le\u017eely na stole.<br>69. A <strong>d\u00e1vka <\/strong>su\u0161enek vychladl\u00fdch na m\u0159\u00ed\u017ece.<br>70. A <strong>sb\u00edrka<\/strong> zn\u00e1mek, kter\u00e9 zaplnily z\u00e1suvku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>St\u0159edn\u011b pokro\u010dil\u00fd<\/strong><br>71. A <strong>vozov\u00fd park <\/strong>kamion\u016f opustilo depo.<br>72. A <strong>\u0159ada <\/strong>ud\u00e1losti se rychle vyv\u00edjely.<br>73. A <strong>paluba <\/strong>karty byly zam\u00edch\u00e1ny.<br>74. A <strong>hrudn\u00edk <\/strong>z\u00e1suvek v rohu.<br>75. A <strong>bedna <\/strong>lahv\u00ed se p\u0159i p\u0159eprav\u011b rozbilo.<br>76. A <strong>roll <\/strong>pap\u00edr byl roztr\u017een\u00fd nap\u016fl.<br>77. A <strong>rozsah <\/strong>spot\u0159ebi\u010d\u016f byl vystaven v showroomu.<br>78. A <strong>fronta <\/strong>e-mail\u016f, kter\u00e9 \u010dekaly na odpov\u011b\u010f.<br>79. A <strong>cluster <\/strong>bal\u00f3nky se vzn\u00e1\u0161ely ke stropu.<br>80. A <strong>\u0159et\u011bz<\/strong> prodejen roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdch po cel\u00e9m regionu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pokro\u010dil\u00e9<\/strong><br>81. A<strong> cache<\/strong> v podzem\u00ed byly objeveny zbran\u011b.<br>82. A <strong>apartm\u00e1 <\/strong>program\u016f byl nainstalov\u00e1n.<br>83. .<strong> antologie<\/strong> b\u00e1sn\u00ed.<br>84. A <strong>tran\u0161e <\/strong>finan\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f bylo uvoln\u011bno.<br>85. A <strong>quiver <\/strong>\u0161\u00edp\u016f zav\u011b\u0161en\u00fdch na st\u011bn\u011b.<br>86. A <strong>bal\u00edk <\/strong>sena na poli.<br>87. A <strong>z\u00e1sobn\u00edk <\/strong>kl\u00e1d byl p\u0159ipraven na zimu.<br>88. A <strong>zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed <\/strong>pr\u00e1dla v su\u0161i\u010dce.<br>89. .<strong> pole <\/strong>n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed bylo \u00fahledn\u011b uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1no.<br>90. A <strong>hrudn\u00edk <\/strong>na ostrov\u011b bylo zakop\u00e1no zlato.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4 - Souborn\u00e1 podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na pro abstraktn\u00ed pojmy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed<\/strong><br>91. A <strong>\u0159ada <\/strong>po ozn\u00e1men\u00ed n\u00e1sledovala \u0159ada ot\u00e1zek.<br>92. A <strong>skupina <\/strong>my\u0161lenek tvo\u0159ily strategii.<br>93. A <strong>nastavit<\/strong> instrukc\u00ed byl t\u00fdmu zasl\u00e1n e-mailem.<br>94. A <strong>d\u00e1vka <\/strong>chyb zpomalilo v\u00fdrobu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>St\u0159edn\u011b pokro\u010dil\u00fd<\/strong><br>95. A<strong> rozsah <\/strong>n\u00e1zor\u016f.<br>96. A <strong>sb\u00edrka <\/strong>vzpom\u00ednky zaplavily jej\u00ed mysl.<br>97. Jeho<strong> reperto\u00e1r <\/strong>dovednost\u00ed zap\u016fsobil na porotu.<br>98. A <strong>seznam <\/strong>priorit, jimi\u017e se projekt \u0159\u00eddil.<br>99. . <strong>agenda<\/strong> t\u00e9mat byla rozesl\u00e1na p\u0159edem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pokro\u010dil\u00e9<\/strong><br>100. A <strong>souhv\u011bzd\u00ed<\/strong> my\u0161lenek, kter\u00e9 formovaly inovace.<br>101. A <strong>panteon<\/strong> myslitel\u016f zm\u011bnilo sv\u011bt.<br>102. .<strong> pole<\/strong> mo\u017enost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159ed n\u00ed objevily.<br>103. A <strong>kask\u00e1da <\/strong>my\u0161lenky naplnily jeho mysl.<br>104. A <strong>n\u00e1stupnictv\u00ed<\/strong> v\u016fdc\u016f vedlo n\u00e1rod.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na hromadn\u00e1 vs. podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na v mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na hromadn\u00e1 a pomno\u017en\u00e1 se chovaj\u00ed gramaticky i v\u00fdznamov\u011b velmi odli\u0161n\u011b. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zde je rozd\u00edl:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1 - Gramatick\u00e1 struktura<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na hromadn\u00e1<\/strong> pou\u017e\u00edvat jednotn\u00fd tvar pro vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed v\u00edce entit, kter\u00e9 vystupuj\u00ed jako jeden celek. <strong>P\u0159\u00edklad: <\/strong>T\u00fdm, rodina, v\u00fdbor<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na v mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle<\/strong> jsou jednodu\u0161e v\u00edce ne\u017e jedno podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no a vyskytuj\u00ed se v mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle. <strong>P\u0159\u00edklad: <\/strong>Hr\u00e1\u010di, zam\u011bstnanci, rodiny<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2 - Slovesn\u00e1 shoda<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zde se st\u00e1v\u00e1 rozd\u00edl funk\u010dn\u00edm:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>U hromadn\u00fdch podstatn\u00fdch jmen se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed slovesa v jednotn\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle, proto\u017ee skupina vystupuje jako jeden celek. <strong>P\u0159\u00edklad: <\/strong>\u00a0T\u00fdm<strong> je<\/strong> v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>V mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle podstatn\u00fdch jmen se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed slovesa v mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle, proto\u017ee se zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed osoby.<strong> P\u0159\u00edklad: <\/strong>Hr\u00e1\u010di <strong>jsou<\/strong> v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3 - Koncep\u010dn\u00ed rozd\u00edl: Jednota vs. individualita<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na hromadn\u00e1 zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed jednotu. Jako skupina, kter\u00e1 jedn\u00e1 spole\u010dn\u011b.<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na v mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed individualitu. Jako n\u011bkolik subjekt\u016f p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00edch samostatn\u011b nebo nez\u00e1visle.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Funkce<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no hromadn\u00e9<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo podstatn\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Formul\u00e1\u0159<\/td><td>Slovo v jednotn\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle<\/td><td>Slovo v mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Zastoupen\u00e9 subjekty<\/td><td>V\u00edcen\u00e1sobn\u00e9 (jako jedna jednotka)<\/td><td>V\u00edcen\u00e1sobn\u00e9 (jako samostatn\u00e9 jednotky)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Slovesn\u00e1 shoda<\/td><td>Obvykle v jednotn\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle<\/td><td>V\u017edy v mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>P\u0159\u00edklad<\/td><td>Person\u00e1l je vst\u0159\u00edcn\u00fd<\/td><td>Zam\u011bstnanci jsou vst\u0159\u00edcn\u00ed<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jednotn\u00e9 nebo mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo? Jak se chovaj\u00ed hromadn\u00e1 podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jsou hromadn\u00e1 podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na v jednotn\u00e9m nebo mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle? Odpov\u011b\u010f nez\u00e1vis\u00ed jen na gramatice, ale tak\u00e9 na zem\u011bpisu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rozebereme si to.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1 - Americk\u00fd anglick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V americk\u00e9 angli\u010dtin\u011b jsou hromadn\u00e1 podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 bez v\u00fdjimky pova\u017eov\u00e1na za jednotn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo. V\u00fdsledkem je, \u017ee, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.grammarly.com\/blog\/grammar\/grammar-basics-what-is-subject-verb-agreement\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">shoda p\u0159edm\u011btu a slovesa<\/a> je v jednotn\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>P\u0159\u00edklady:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>T\u00fdm <strong>je <\/strong>hraje dob\u0159e.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>V\u00fdbor<strong> m\u00e1 adresu<\/strong> rozhodl.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rodina<strong> je <\/strong>st\u011bhov\u00e1n\u00ed do Texasu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2 - Britsk\u00fd anglick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Britsk\u00e1 angli\u010dtina se \u0159\u00edd\u00ed kontextov\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem. V z\u00e1vislosti na kontextu tak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt shoda p\u0159edm\u011btu a slovesa v jednotn\u00e9m nebo mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>P\u0159\u00edklady:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>T\u00fdm<strong> je <\/strong>v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed. (jednaj\u00ed jako jeden celek)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u00fdm<strong> jsou<\/strong> h\u00e1dat se o taktice. (jednotliv\u00e9 akce)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Kdy tedy pou\u017e\u00edvat jednotn\u00e9 nebo mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud skupina vystupuje jako jeden celek, pou\u017eijte jednotn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo (americk\u00e9 i britsk\u00e9):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Porota vynesla rozsudek.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kapela vystupuje dnes ve\u010der.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rodina vlastn\u00ed t\u0159i auta.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud \u010dlenov\u00e9 skupiny jednaj\u00ed individu\u00e1ln\u011b nebo samostatn\u011b, pou\u017eijte mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo (hlavn\u011b britsk\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Porota se mezi sebou neshodne.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kapela p\u0159ij\u00ed\u017ed\u00ed samostatn\u011b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rodina je roztrou\u0161ena po cel\u00e9 zemi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Dialekt<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>V\u00fdchoz\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Kdy je povoleno mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Americk\u00e1 angli\u010dtina<\/td><td>Jednotn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo (v\u017edy)<\/td><td>Z\u0159\u00eddka, pokud v\u016fbec<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Britsk\u00e1 angli\u010dtina<\/td><td>Jednotn\u00e9 nebo mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/td><td>Mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo, pokud \u010dlenov\u00e9 jednaj\u00ed individu\u00e1ln\u011b<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Zam\u011bstnanci \u2260 Zam\u011bstnanci, proto\u017ee:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Person\u00e1l = hromadn\u00e9 podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no. Ke v\u0161em zam\u011bstnanc\u016fm se chov\u00e1 jako k jednomu t\u00fdmu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zam\u011bstnanci = podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no v mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle. Ozna\u010duje ka\u017edou osobu jako samostatnou jednotku.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2714 Person\u00e1l je pravideln\u011b \u0161kolen. (Jako t\u00fdm)<br>\u2714 Zam\u011bstnanci jsou pravideln\u011b \u0161koleni. (Jako jednotlivci)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak pou\u017e\u00edvat hromadn\u00e1 podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na ve v\u011bt\u00e1ch<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Collective-nouns-001-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10661\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Collective-nouns-001-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Collective-nouns-001-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Collective-nouns-001-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Collective-nouns-001-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Collective-nouns-001.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed hromadn\u00fdch podstatn\u00fdch jmen se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 ze t\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch prvk\u016f:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1 - Shoda podm\u011btu se slovesem<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>U hromadn\u00fdch podstatn\u00fdch jmen se obvykle pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 sloveso v jednotn\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle, pokud skupina vystupuje jako jeden celek. <strong>P\u0159\u00edklad:<\/strong> <em>Zam\u011bstnanci pracuj\u00ed na nov\u00e9m projektu.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pokud v\u0161ak chcete zd\u016fraznit jednotlivce ve skupin\u011b, zejm\u00e9na v britsk\u00e9 angli\u010dtin\u011b, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sloveso v mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle. <strong>P\u0159\u00edklad:<\/strong> <em>Zam\u011bstnanci se d\u011bl\u00ed o sv\u00e9 n\u00e1pady.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2 - Odkaz na z\u00e1jmeno<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Po ur\u010den\u00ed hromadn\u00e9ho podstatn\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na je t\u0159eba z\u00e1jmeno sladit s volbou slovesa:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sloveso v jednotn\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle \u2192 it \/ its<br>Porota vynesla rozsudek.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo slovesa \u2192 oni \/ jejich<br>N\u00e1zory poroty se rozch\u00e1zej\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3 - Modifik\u00e1tory a p\u0159edlo\u017eky<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed modifik\u00e1toru ovliv\u0148uje t\u00f3n a d\u016fraz:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cel\u00e1 t\u0159\u00edda (zam\u011b\u0159te se na celou skupinu)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u0159\u00edda zcela ignorovala pravidla (s d\u016frazem na akci).<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>P\u0159i spojov\u00e1n\u00ed hromadn\u00e9ho podstatn\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na s p\u0159edlo\u017ekov\u00fdm v\u00fdrazem z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na struktu\u0159e:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hejno pt\u00e1k\u016f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Skupina student\u016f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 \u0161ablony v\u011bt, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zde jsou uvedeny struktury, kter\u00e9 funguj\u00ed v r\u016fzn\u00fdch kontextech psan\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>[hromadn\u00e9 podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no] + [jednotn\u00e9 sloveso] + [dopln\u011bk]<br>\u2192 V\u00fdbor se sch\u00e1z\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9 pond\u011bl\u00ed.<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>[\u010dl\u00e1nek] + [hromadn\u00e9 podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no] + [p\u0159edlo\u017ekov\u00e1 v\u011bta]<br>\u2192 St\u00e1do slon\u016f se pohybovalo ti\u0161e.<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>[hromadn\u00e9 podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no] + [p\u0159ivlast\u0148ovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no] + [podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no]<br>\u2192 Strategie t\u00fdmu zap\u016fsobila na tren\u00e9ra.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010cten\u00e1\u0159e navedou p\u0159echody jako nap\u0159.<strong> \"jako skupina\", \"kolektivn\u011b\".<\/strong> nebo<strong> \"individu\u00e1ln\u011b\" <\/strong>m\u016f\u017ee objasnit v\u00e1\u0161 z\u00e1m\u011br. Porota spole\u010dn\u011b n\u00e1vrh podporuje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Abyste si upevnili sv\u00e9 znalosti, zkuste napsat p\u011bt origin\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u011bt s pou\u017eit\u00edm hromadn\u00fdch podstatn\u00fdch jmen.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u011b\u0148te kontext - form\u00e1ln\u00ed, neform\u00e1ln\u00ed nebo tv\u016fr\u010d\u00ed - a experimentujte s jednotn\u00fdm a mno\u017en\u00fdm \u010d\u00edslem sloves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A pokud pot\u0159ebujete pomoci s dolad\u011bn\u00edm gramatiky nebo p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f, m\u016f\u017eete si <a href=\"https:\/\/undetectable.ai\/ask-ai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">zeptat se AI<\/a> pro podporu p\u0159i stavb\u011b v\u011bt, \u0161koln\u00edch projektech nebo gramatick\u00fdch pravidlech t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se hromadn\u00fdch podstatn\u00fdch jmen.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"297\" src=\"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Ask-AI-1024x297.jpg\" alt=\"Sn\u00edmek obrazovky funkce &quot;Ask AI&quot; spole\u010dnosti Undetectable AI, kter\u00e1 p\u0159edstavuje n\u00e1stroj poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fd um\u011blou inteligenc\u00ed pro zodpov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed dotaz\u016f u\u017eivatel\u016f a generov\u00e1n\u00ed obsahu.\" class=\"wp-image-8150\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Ask-AI-1024x297.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Ask-AI-300x87.jpg 300w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Ask-AI-768x223.jpg 768w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Ask-AI-1536x445.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Ask-AI-18x5.jpg 18w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Ask-AI.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>A pokud v\u00e1m Ask AI nab\u00eddne p\u0159\u00edklady hromadn\u00fdch podstatn\u00fdch jmen, kter\u00e9 zn\u011bj\u00ed roboticky, m\u016f\u017eete je up\u0159esnit pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkazu <a href=\"https:\/\/undetectable.ai\/ai-humanizer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">AI Humanizer<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vyrovn\u00e1v\u00e1 t\u00f3n a tok a z\u00e1rove\u0148 zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00e1\u0161 z\u00e1m\u011br.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1600\" height=\"694\" src=\"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Advanced-AI-Humanizer.jpg\" alt=\"Sn\u00edmek obrazovky rozhran\u00ed Undetectable AI zobrazuj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1stroj Advanced AI Humanizer v akci\" class=\"wp-image-10609\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Advanced-AI-Humanizer.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Advanced-AI-Humanizer-300x130.jpg 300w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Advanced-AI-Humanizer-1024x444.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Advanced-AI-Humanizer-768x333.jpg 768w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Advanced-AI-Humanizer-1536x666.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Advanced-AI-Humanizer-18x8.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u010cast\u00e9 chyby p\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed hromadn\u00fdch podstatn\u00fdch jmen<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00ed\u017ee uv\u00e1d\u00edme nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u00faskal\u00ed hromadn\u00fdch podstatn\u00fdch jmen a n\u00e1vod, jak se jim vyhnout.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1 - Neshoda p\u0159edm\u011btu a slovesa<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pova\u017eovat jednotn\u00e9 hromadn\u00e9 podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no za mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo je \u00faskal\u00ed. Spisovatel\u00e9 vid\u00ed skupinu lid\u00ed a instinktivn\u011b s\u00e1hnou po mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle slovesa. Podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no je v\u0161ak v jednotn\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nespr\u00e1vn\u011b: <\/strong>T\u00fdm p\u0159ipravuje sv\u016fj projev.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Spr\u00e1vn\u011b (americk\u00e1 angli\u010dtina): <\/strong>T\u00fdm p\u0159ipravuje sv\u016fj projev.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2 - Zmatek v z\u00e1jmenech<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pisatel\u00e9 m\u00edchaj\u00ed podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na v jednotn\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle se z\u00e1jmeny v mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle. Shodujte se z\u00e1jmenem v gramatick\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle, nikoli s vn\u00edman\u00fdm po\u010dtem osob.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nespr\u00e1vn\u011b:<\/strong> V\u00fdbor dosp\u011bl k rozhodnut\u00ed. Ozn\u00e1m\u00ed ho z\u00edtra.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Spr\u00e1vn\u011b: <\/strong>V\u00fdbor dosp\u011bl k rozhodnut\u00ed. Ozn\u00e1m\u00ed ho z\u00edtra.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3 - P\u0159\u00edli\u0161n\u00e9 zobecn\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed pravidel pro hromadn\u00e1 podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na, kter\u00e1 nejsou hromadn\u00e1, je chybou. Ne v\u0161echny skupiny v\u011bc\u00ed tvo\u0159\u00ed hromadn\u00e9 podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no. N\u00e1bytek ano. \u017didle ne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nespr\u00e1vn\u011b: <\/strong>\u017didle jsou v \u0159ad\u011b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Spr\u00e1vn\u011b: <\/strong>\u017didle jsou v \u0159ad\u011b za sebou.<br>(\"\u017didle\" je pouze podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no v mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle, nikoliv podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no hromadn\u00e9.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4 - Sm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed region\u00e1ln\u00edch pravidel<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u011bkdy se auto\u0159i dopou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed chyb, kdy\u017e pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed britsk\u00e9 u\u017eit\u00ed v americk\u00e9m textu (nebo naopak) bez d\u016fslednosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9 (americk\u00e1 angli\u010dtina):<\/strong> Zam\u011bstnanci uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1vaj\u00ed spisy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Spr\u00e1vn\u011b (americk\u00e1 angli\u010dtina): <\/strong>Zam\u011bstnanci uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1vaj\u00ed spisy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Spr\u00e1vn\u011b (britsk\u00e1 angli\u010dtina): <\/strong>Zam\u011bstnanci uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1vaj\u00ed spisy. (pokud se t\u00fdk\u00e1 jednotlivc\u016f)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Poznejte sv\u00e9 publikum. Americk\u00e1 angli\u010dtina d\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159ednost jednotn\u00e9mu \u010d\u00edslu, britsk\u00e1 angli\u010dtina umo\u017e\u0148uje kontextov\u00e9 mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5 - Dvoj\u00ed pluralizace<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nelze p\u0159idat koncovku mno\u017en\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla k ji\u017e pomno\u017een\u00e9mu hromadn\u00e9mu podstatn\u00e9mu jm\u00e9nu.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nespr\u00e1vn\u011b: <\/strong>Ve m\u011bst\u011b \u017eije mnoho r\u016fzn\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Spr\u00e1vn\u011b: <\/strong>Ve m\u011bst\u011b \u017eije mnoho r\u016fzn\u00fdch lid\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\"Lid\u00e9\" je ji\u017e podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no v mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle. \"N\u00e1rody\" se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pouze v antropologick\u00e9m nebo geopolitick\u00e9m kontextu (nap\u0159. \"p\u016fvodn\u00ed obyvatel\u00e9 Austr\u00e1lie\").<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zkuste toto <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gradding.com\/blog\/english\/collective-nouns-worksheet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pracovn\u00ed list ke kolektivn\u00edm podstatn\u00fdm jm\u00e9n\u016fm<\/a> procvi\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed hromadn\u00fdch podstatn\u00fdch jmen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159\u00edstup k na\u0161emu detektoru um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence a n\u00e1stroji Humanizer z\u00edsk\u00e1te p\u0159\u00edmo prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm widgetu n\u00ed\u017ee.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"uai-widget\" data-affiliate-link=\"https:\/\/undetectable.ai\/?_by=hi4km\"><script>var js = document.createElement(\"script\");js.async = true;js.src = \"https:\/\/widget.undetectable.ai\/js\/widget-loader.js?t=\"+Date.now();document.getElementsByTagName(\"head\")[0].appendChild(js);<\/script><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dotazy<\/h2>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-1750765531190\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Je \"rodina\" hromadn\u00e9 podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Ano, \"rodina\" je hromadn\u00e9 podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no. Ozna\u010duje skupinu jako jeden celek. P\u0159\u00edklad: Moje rodina jede na v\u00fdlet. Pokud se soust\u0159ed\u00ed na jednotliv\u00e9 \u010dinnosti, m\u016f\u017ee se pou\u017e\u00edt sloveso v mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle: \"Moje rodina debatuje o ve\u010de\u0159i\".<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1750765542173\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Jsou hromadn\u00e1 podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na v jednotn\u00e9m nebo mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na hromadn\u00e1 jsou v jednotn\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle, ale v z\u00e1vislosti na kontextu mohou pou\u017e\u00edvat slovesa v jednotn\u00e9m nebo mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle. V americk\u00e9 angli\u010dtin\u011b p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b jednotn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo, v britsk\u00e9 angli\u010dtin\u011b ohebn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1750765551639\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Lze pou\u017e\u00edt hromadn\u00e9 podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no v mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Ano. Podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na hromadn\u00e1 lze pou\u017e\u00edt i v mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle. P\u0159\u00edklad: Na v\u010derej\u0161\u00ed ve\u010de\u0159i p\u0159i\u0161lo n\u011bkolik rodin.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1750765562523\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\">Jak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl mezi skupinou a hromadn\u00fdm podstatn\u00fdm jm\u00e9nem?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>\"Skupina\" je obecn\u00e9 hromadn\u00e9 podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no. Ne v\u0161echna hromadn\u00e1 podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na jsou \"skupina\" - slova jako \"t\u0159\u00edda\", \"t\u00fdm\" nebo \"st\u00e1do\" jsou specifi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pro\u010d angli\u010dtina pot\u0159ebuje hromadn\u00e1 podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na, kdy\u017e m\u016f\u017eeme jednodu\u0161e \u0159\u00edct.<strong> \"mnoho lid\u00ed\"<\/strong> nebo <strong>\"n\u011bkolik zv\u00ed\u0159at\"?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Odpov\u011b\u010f spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, jak funguje na\u0161e mysl.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Skupiny nevn\u00edm\u00e1me jen jako soubory jednotlivc\u016f.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00e1\u0161 mozek p\u0159irozen\u011b rozpozn\u00e1, kdy\u017e se odd\u011blen\u00e9 v\u011bci spoj\u00ed v jednotn\u00fd celek.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jazyk se \u0159\u00edd\u00ed t\u00edmto vzorem.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kdy\u017e \u0159ekneme. <strong>\"t\u00fdm,\" <\/strong>nepo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1me hr\u00e1\u010de, ale uzn\u00e1v\u00e1me, \u017ee tito jednotlivci nyn\u00ed sd\u00edlej\u00ed c\u00edl, kter\u00fd m\u011bn\u00ed v\u0161e, co se t\u00fdk\u00e1 jejich spole\u010dn\u00e9ho fungov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Angli\u010dtina pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 hromadn\u00e1 podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na, proto\u017ee jsou efektivn\u00ed a expresivn\u00ed.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed n\u00e1m mluvit o skupin\u00e1ch zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd respektuje celek i jeho \u010d\u00e1sti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u017e budete p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011b ps\u00e1t nebo \u010d\u00edst hromadn\u00e9 podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no, v\u0161imn\u011bte si, jak\u00e1 volba se prov\u00e1d\u00ed.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Pova\u017euje autor skupinu za jeden celek, nebo klade d\u016fraz na jednotliv\u00e9 \u010dleny?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gramatika je v\u011bda. Styl je um\u011bn\u00ed. Znalost hromadn\u00fdch podstatn\u00fdch jmen v\u00e1m umo\u017en\u00ed zvl\u00e1dnout oboj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Chcete, aby v\u00e1\u0161 text zn\u011bl uhlazen\u011b a lidsky? Vyzkou\u0161ejte <a href=\"https:\/\/undetectable.ai\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/undetectable.ai\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Nezjistiteln\u00e1 AI<\/a> dnes.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":10659,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10650","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-helpful-ai-content-tips"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10650","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10650"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10650\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10664,"href":"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10650\/revisions\/10664"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10659"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10650"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10650"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10650"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}