{"id":11565,"date":"2025-07-06T14:19:08","date_gmt":"2025-07-06T14:19:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/?p=11565"},"modified":"2025-08-10T17:38:54","modified_gmt":"2025-08-10T17:38:54","slug":"ukazovaci-zajmeno","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/cs\/ukazovaci-zajmeno\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00dapln\u00fd seznam ukazovac\u00edch z\u00e1jmen s p\u0159\u00edklady"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Jak byste si \u0159ekli o n\u011bco, co m\u00e1te na dosah?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0158ekli byste. <strong><em>\"Mohl bys mi podat pero, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1m hned vedle ruky?\" <\/em><\/strong>nebo jednodu\u0161e <strong><em>\"Mohl byste mi to podat?\"&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Odpov\u011b\u010f je z\u0159ejm\u00e1... vyberete si krat\u0161\u00ed a p\u0159irozen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed variantu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jednoduch\u00e9 slovo <strong>\"tento\"<\/strong> je okam\u017eit\u00e9 sd\u011blen\u00ed polohy i konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho po\u017eadavku bez jak\u00fdchkoli nejasnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A pr\u00e1v\u011b o tom pojedn\u00e1v\u00e1 tento blog.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Provedeme v\u00e1s v\u0161\u00edm, co pot\u0159ebujete v\u011bd\u011bt o ukazovac\u00edch z\u00e1jmenech.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Co jsou to ukazovac\u00ed z\u00e1jmena, jak funguj\u00ed a kdy s jistotou pou\u017e\u00edt z\u00e1jmena this, that, these a those. Uvid\u00edte tak\u00e9 jasn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edklady, kter\u00e9 ukazuj\u00ed, jak ka\u017ed\u00e9 z nich funguje v re\u00e1ln\u00fdch v\u011bt\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Za\u010dn\u011bme.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 poznatky<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u010cty\u0159i ukazovac\u00ed z\u00e1jmena jsou this, that, these a those, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e \"this\" a \"these\" ozna\u010duj\u00ed bl\u00edzkost, zat\u00edmco \"that\" a \"those\" ukazuj\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ukazovac\u00ed z\u00e1jmena stoj\u00ed samostatn\u011b a zcela nahrazuj\u00ed podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na, zat\u00edmco ukazovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na modifikuj\u00ed podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na, kter\u00e1 po nich n\u00e1sleduj\u00ed.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ukazovac\u00ed z\u00e1jmena funguj\u00ed jinak ve form\u00e1ln\u00edm psan\u00ed, v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 konverzaci a v digit\u00e1ln\u00ed komunikaci. V profesion\u00e1ln\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed je pou\u017e\u00edvejte k jasn\u00e9mu odkazov\u00e1n\u00ed na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed my\u0161lenky, zat\u00edmco v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 mluv\u011b se \u010dasto poj\u00ed s gesty nebo emocion\u00e1ln\u00edm t\u00f3nem.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mezi nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed chyby pat\u0159\u00ed nejasn\u00e9 p\u0159edlo\u017eky, z\u00e1m\u011bna vzd\u00e1lenosti, neshoda p\u0159edm\u011btu a slovesa s demonstrativy v mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle a nadu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 oslabuje styl psan\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ukazovac\u00ed z\u00e1jmena Definice v anglick\u00e9 gramatice<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Co p\u0159esn\u011b je ukazovac\u00ed z\u00e1jmeno? Ukazovac\u00ed z\u00e1jmena<\/strong> jsou slova pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 k ozna\u010den\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch osob nebo v\u011bc\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b vzd\u00e1lenosti a po\u010dtu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010cty\u0159i ukazovac\u00ed z\u00e1jmena jsou: this, that, these a those.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prim\u00e1rn\u00ed funkc\u00ed ukazovac\u00edch z\u00e1jmen je nahrazovat podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na a z\u00e1rove\u0148. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.merriam-webster.com\/dictionary\/proximity\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ozna\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed bl\u00edzkost<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nap\u0159\u00edklad:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Tohle je rozbit\u00e9.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u2192 <\/em><strong><em>\"Toto\" <\/em><\/strong><em>nahrad\u00ed n\u00e1zev polo\u017eky a zobraz\u00ed jej\u00ed bl\u00edzkost.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>To bylo ne\u010dekan\u00e9.<\/em><em><br><\/em><em>\u2192 <\/em><strong><em>\"To\"<\/em><\/strong><em> nahrazuje n\u011bco, co bylo zm\u00edn\u011bno d\u0159\u00edve, a zobrazuje vzd\u00e1lenost.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Na rozd\u00edl od p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00fdch jmen jsou ukazovac\u00ed z\u00e1jmena samostatn\u00e1. Ve v\u011bt\u011b vystupuj\u00ed jako podm\u011bt nebo p\u0159edm\u011bt, nikoli jako modifik\u00e1tory. <strong>P\u0159\u00edklad:&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Ty byly \u00fa\u017easn\u00e9. (Ty = p\u0159edm\u011bt)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Tyto jsou t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9. (Tyto = p\u0159edm\u011bt)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"384\" src=\"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/demonstrative-pronouns-001.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11573\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/demonstrative-pronouns-001.jpg 512w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/demonstrative-pronouns-001-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/demonstrative-pronouns-001-16x12.jpg 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Znalost pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed ukazovac\u00edch z\u00e1jmen v\u00e1m pom\u016f\u017ee vytvo\u0159it jasn\u00fd a stru\u010dn\u00fd projev (zejm\u00e9na v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 \u0159e\u010di a neform\u00e1ln\u00edm psan\u00ed), proto\u017ee zabra\u0148uj\u00ed opakov\u00e1n\u00ed a zlep\u0161uj\u00ed plynulost v\u011bty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Seznam ukazovac\u00edch z\u00e1jmen<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Angli\u010dtina m\u00e1 \u010dty\u0159i z\u00e1kladn\u00ed ukazovac\u00ed z\u00e1jmena. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ka\u017ed\u00fd z nich signalizuje dv\u011b v\u011bci: kolik (jednotn\u00e9 nebo mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo) a jak daleko (bl\u00edzko nebo daleko).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u010cty\u0159i z\u00e1kladn\u00ed ukazovac\u00ed z\u00e1jmena<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Z\u00e1jmena<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>\u010c\u00edslo<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Proximity<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Tento<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Singular<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Pobl\u00ed\u017e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">To je .<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Singular<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Far<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Tyto str\u00e1nky<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Pobl\u00ed\u017e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Tyto str\u00e1nky<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Far<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Funguj\u00ed takto:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Jednotn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo vs. mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pou\u017eijte to a to pro jednu polo\u017eku\/osobu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pou\u017eijte tyto a tyto pro v\u00edce ne\u017e jeden.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Bl\u00edzk\u00e9 vs. vzd\u00e1len\u00e9<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\"Bl\u00edzk\u00fd\" znamen\u00e1 fyzicky bl\u00edzk\u00fd nebo pr\u00e1v\u011b zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\"Daleko\" se t\u00fdk\u00e1 fyzick\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti, \u010dasu v minulosti\/budoucnosti nebo m\u00e9n\u011b bezprost\u0159edn\u00edho v\u00fdznamu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>P\u0159\u00edklady:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tohle je m\u016fj telefon. (Jedna polo\u017eka, pobl\u00ed\u017e)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>To byl jeho n\u00e1pad. (Jedna polo\u017eka, vzd\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00ed nebo d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v \u010dase)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Toto je \u010dist\u00e9 oble\u010den\u00ed. (V\u00edce polo\u017eek, v bl\u00edzkosti)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Byly to t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 dny. (V\u00edce polo\u017eek, daleko v \u010dase)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Zde je tip na pam\u011b\u0165: <strong>&nbsp;Slova T ukazuj\u00ed bl\u00edzkost:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Toto\/These = Dot\u00fdkat se<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>That\/Those = Tam (d\u00e1le)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\"Takov\u00fd\" se tak\u00e9 ob\u010das pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 s demonstrativy, jako nap\u0159. ve slov\u011b <strong>\"Takov\u00fd je \u017eivot.\"<\/strong> Pou\u017e\u00edvejte s opatrnost\u00ed. Je sp\u00ed\u0161e form\u00e1ln\u00ed nebo archaick\u00e9 a nenahrazuje p\u0159\u00edmo podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no jako z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u010dty\u0159ka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak pou\u017e\u00edvat ukazovac\u00ed z\u00e1jmena ve v\u011bt\u00e1ch<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud v\u00e1s to st\u00e1le zaj\u00edm\u00e1, <strong>co je ukazovac\u00ed z\u00e1jmeno<\/strong>, v t\u00e9to \u010d\u00e1sti to bude praktick\u00e9: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed ukazovac\u00edch z\u00e1jmen z\u00e1vis\u00ed na postaven\u00ed ve v\u011bt\u011b, kontextov\u00e9 logice a jasnosti odkazu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Typick\u00e1 struktura v\u011bty<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Za ukazovac\u00edm z\u00e1jmenem obvykle n\u00e1sleduje <strong>spojovac\u00ed sloveso<\/strong> (je, byl, jsou, byly), <strong>d\u011bjov\u00e9 sloveso<\/strong> (prost\u0159edky, vzhled, n\u00e1klady), nebo <strong>dopln\u011bk podstatn\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na. <\/strong><strong>P\u0159\u00edklady:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Je to nal\u00e9hav\u00e9.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Ty byly pe\u010dliv\u011b vybr\u00e1ny.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>To velmi pom\u00e1h\u00e1.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Ukazovac\u00ed z\u00e1jmeno vystupuje jako podm\u011bt nebo p\u0159edm\u011bt, nikoli jako <a href=\"https:\/\/www.grammarly.com\/blog\/grammar\/modifiers\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">modifik\u00e1tor<\/a> (co\u017e by z n\u011bj \u010dinilo ukazovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2. Logika p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bl\u00edzkost m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Fyzick\u00e9: <\/strong>\"Tahle \u017eidle\" (tady), \"tyhle ta\u0161ky\" (na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b m\u00edstnosti).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u010casov\u00e9: <\/strong>\"V t\u011bchto dnech\" (nyn\u00ed), \"v ten den\" (v minulosti)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Konverza\u010dn\u00ed: <\/strong>Odkazov\u00e1n\u00ed na ned\u00e1vnou nebo vzd\u00e1lenou my\u0161lenku v dialogu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3. Pozice a funkce v\u011bty<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ukazovac\u00ed z\u00e1jmena mohou fungovat jako:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>P\u0159edm\u011bty: Toto je rozbit\u00e9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Objekty: To jsem ne\u010dekal.<br>Dopl\u0148ky: Probl\u00e9m byl n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Nikdy se nepou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed s podstatn\u00fdm jm\u00e9nem, tehdy se z nich st\u00e1vaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na (tato kniha, tito lid\u00e9).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4. Vyhnut\u00ed se nadbyte\u010dnosti<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jedn\u00edm z nejprakti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pou\u017eit\u00ed ukazovac\u00edch z\u00e1jmen je zamezen\u00ed opakov\u00e1n\u00ed. M\u00edsto opakov\u00e1n\u00ed podstatn\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nespr\u00e1vn\u011b:<\/strong> N\u00e1vrh byl chybn\u00fd. N\u00e1vrh zp\u016fsoboval zmatek.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Spr\u00e1vn\u011b: <\/strong>N\u00e1vrh byl chybn\u00fd. To zp\u016fsobilo zmatek.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00edky tomu je psan\u00ed sev\u0159en\u00e9, jasn\u00e9 a m\u00e9n\u011b robotick\u00e9, co\u017e je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 zejm\u00e9na v mluven\u00e9 angli\u010dtin\u011b nebo p\u0159i neform\u00e1ln\u00edm psan\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5. P\u0159\u00edklady kontextov\u00e9ho pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tento (jednotn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo, v bl\u00edzkosti):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tohle jsem m\u011bl na mysli. (up\u0159esn\u011bn\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho bodu)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tohle je jin\u00fd pocit. (emocion\u00e1ln\u00ed kontext)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>To ukazuje, jak zkresluje \u00fadaje. (akademick\u00e9)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>To (jednotn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo, daleko\/d\u0159\u00edve):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>To bylo zbyte\u010dn\u00e9. (s odkazem na minul\u00fd koment\u00e1\u0159)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>To jsem ne\u010dekal. (reakce na p\u0159edchoz\u00ed ud\u00e1lost)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>To z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzvou. (form\u00e1ln\u00ed t\u00f3n)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Tyto (v mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle, v bl\u00edzkosti):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Toto jsou m\u00e9 pozn\u00e1mky. (okam\u017eit\u00e9 vlastnictv\u00ed)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ty mi pom\u00e1haj\u00ed udr\u017eet si po\u0159\u00e1dek. (praktick\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jedn\u00e1 se o z\u00e1kladn\u00ed metriky. (profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed t\u00f3n)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Ti (mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo, vzd\u00e1len\u00e9):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>To byly jen v\u00fdmluvy. (s odkazem na d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdroky)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Na ty dny nikdy nezapomenu. (t\u00f3n vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ty poukazuj\u00ed na nedostatky modelu. (technick\u00fd kontext)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>6. Form\u00e1ln\u00ed a neform\u00e1ln\u00ed registr<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Form\u00e1ln\u00ed: Tato zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed hypot\u00e9ze.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Neform\u00e1ln\u00ed: To je divok\u00e9!<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed: Ten okam\u017eik v\u0161echno zm\u011bnil.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud chcete zachytit nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed ukazovac\u00edch z\u00e1jmen, nejasn\u00e9 p\u0159edlo\u017eky a nejednozna\u010dn\u00e9 odkazy na z\u00e1jmena, pou\u017eijte p\u0159\u00edkaz <a href=\"https:\/\/undetectable.ai\/grammar-checker\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Kontrola gramatiky.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"476\" src=\"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/demonstrative-pronouns-002-1024x476.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11575\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/demonstrative-pronouns-002-1024x476.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/demonstrative-pronouns-002-300x139.jpg 300w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/demonstrative-pronouns-002-768x357.jpg 768w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/demonstrative-pronouns-002-18x8.jpg 18w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/demonstrative-pronouns-002.jpg 1362w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Tento n\u00e1stroj v\u00e1m pom\u016f\u017ee, aby va\u0161e psan\u00ed plynulo p\u0159irozen\u011b, a zabr\u00e1n\u00ed robotick\u00fdm nebo opakuj\u00edc\u00edm se fr\u00e1z\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ukazovac\u00ed z\u00e1jmena vs. ukazovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Jak\u00fd je v tom rozd\u00edl?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Zde jsou hlavn\u00ed rozd\u00edly mezi ukazovac\u00edmi z\u00e1jmeny a ukazovac\u00edmi p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00fdmi jm\u00e9ny.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Aspekt<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Ukazovac\u00ed z\u00e1jmeno<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Demonstrativn\u00ed adjektivum<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Definice<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Zcela nahrazuje podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Modifikuje podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no p\u0159\u00edmo za n\u00edm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">N\u00e1sleduj\u00ed podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na?<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Ne<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Ano<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Stoj\u00ed s\u00e1m?&nbsp;<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Ano<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Ne<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">P\u0159\u00edklad<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Tohle je studen\u00e9<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Tato pol\u00e9vka je studen\u00e1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Gramatick\u00e1 role<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Subjekt nebo objekt<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">P\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no (modifik\u00e1tor podstatn\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 n\u00e1pov\u011bda: <\/strong>Pokud je podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no bezprost\u0159edn\u011b za ukazovac\u00edm p\u0159\u00edvlastkem, jedn\u00e1 se o p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed porovn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bt<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>V\u011bta<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Demonstrativn\u00ed<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Role<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>\u010c\u00edslo<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Proximity&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Kontext<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Tohle je pikantn\u00ed<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Tento<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Z\u00e1jmena<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Singular<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Pobl\u00ed\u017e<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Restaurace<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Toto kari je pikantn\u00ed<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Tento<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">P\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Singular<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Pobl\u00ed\u017e<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Restaurace<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Byly hlasit\u00e9<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Tyto str\u00e1nky<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Z\u00e1jmena<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Far<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Sch\u016fzka v kancel\u00e1\u0159i<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Tyto koment\u00e1\u0159e byly hlasit\u00e9<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Tyto str\u00e1nky<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">P\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Far<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Sch\u016fzka v kancel\u00e1\u0159i<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Tohle nen\u00ed moje<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">To je .<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Z\u00e1jmena<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Singular<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Far<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">E-mailov\u00e9 vl\u00e1kno<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Tento e-mail nen\u00ed m\u016fj<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">To je .<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">P\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Singular<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Far<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">E-mailov\u00e9 vl\u00e1kno<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pou\u017eit\u00ed v:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ot\u00e1zky:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Co je to? \u2192 Z\u00e1jmeno<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Co je to za dokument? \u2192 P\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ty jsou nov\u00e9. \u2192 Z\u00e1jmeno<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tyto boty jsou nov\u00e9. \u2192 P\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>P\u0159\u00edkazy:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vezm\u011bte si to. \u2192 Z\u00e1jmeno<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vezm\u011bte si tuto slo\u017eku. \u2192 P\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Jak se vyhnout jejich z\u00e1m\u011bn\u011b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Zde je strategie identifikace:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Zkontrolujte, co bude n\u00e1sledovat<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>N\u00e1sleduje podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no \u2192 p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no \u2192 z\u00e1jmeno<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Zkou\u0161ka substituce<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Nahradit s n\u00edm nebo je\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>To je dobr\u00e9 \u2192 Je to dobr\u00e9 \u2705 \u2192 Z\u00e1jmeno<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tento v\u00fdrobek je dobr\u00fd \u2192 Tento v\u00fdrobek je dobr\u00fd \u274c \u2192 P\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kontextov\u00e9 n\u00e1pov\u011bdy<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>is, are, was, were \u2192 obvykle n\u00e1sleduj\u00ed po z\u00e1jmenech<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na jako n\u00e1pad, pl\u00e1n, pol\u00e9vka \u2192 sign\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"4\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 vzory z\u00e1m\u011bn<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Opakov\u00e1n\u00ed podstatn\u00fdch jmen po z\u00e1jmenech<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ponech\u00e1n\u00ed ukazovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00fdch jmen bez podstatn\u00fdch jmen<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Zeptejte se sami sebe:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>N\u00e1sleduje za slovem podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no?<br>\u2192 Ano = p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no<br>\u2192 Ne = z\u00e1jmeno<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nahrazuje n\u011bco nebo n\u011bco popisuje?<br>\u2192 Nahrazuj\u00edc\u00ed = z\u00e1jmeno<br>\u2192 popisuj\u00edc\u00ed = p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ukazovac\u00ed z\u00e1jmena v r\u016fzn\u00fdch kontextech<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/What-Is-a-Demonstrative-Pronoun-003-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11577\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/What-Is-a-Demonstrative-Pronoun-003-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/What-Is-a-Demonstrative-Pronoun-003-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/What-Is-a-Demonstrative-Pronoun-003-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/What-Is-a-Demonstrative-Pronoun-003-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/What-Is-a-Demonstrative-Pronoun-003.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>N\u00ed\u017ee uv\u00e1d\u00edme p\u0159ehled funkc\u00ed ukazovac\u00edch z\u00e1jmen v r\u016fzn\u00fdch situac\u00edch a zp\u016fsoby jejich efektivn\u00edho pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Form\u00e1ln\u00ed psan\u00ed (akademick\u00e9, obchodn\u00ed, odborn\u00e9)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>V odborn\u00e9m a akademick\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvejte demonstrativn\u00ed odkazy na my\u0161lenky, d\u016fkazy nebo d\u0159\u00edve uveden\u00e9 argumenty, ale v\u017edy je srozumiteln\u011b dopl\u0148te.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>P\u0159\u00edklady:<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>To podporuje teorii kognitivn\u00ed disonance.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>To nazna\u010duje chybu v p\u0159edchoz\u00ed anal\u00fdze.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Vyhn\u011bte se v\u00e1gn\u00edmu pou\u017eit\u00ed typu \"To je problematick\u00e9\", pokud z p\u0159edchoz\u00ed v\u011bty nen\u00ed jednozna\u010dn\u011b patrn\u00fd odkazovan\u00fd p\u0159edm\u011bt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>P\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostn\u00e1 konverzace<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>V b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 \u0159e\u010di se demonstrativa \u010dasto spojuj\u00ed s gesty nebo emocion\u00e1ln\u00edm t\u00f3nem. <strong>P\u0159\u00edklady:<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>To je divok\u00e9! (odkazuje na n\u011bco, co pr\u00e1v\u011b za\u017eil nebo \u0159ekl)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>To bylo \u0161\u00edlen\u00e9! (emocion\u00e1ln\u011b nebo \u010dasov\u011b vzd\u00e1len\u00fd)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Jsou \u00fa\u017easn\u00e9! (mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo, bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed kontext)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Region\u00e1ln\u00ed odchylky: Britsk\u00e9 vs. americk\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Britsk\u00e1 angli\u010dtina je v pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed demonstrativ flexibiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a n\u011bkdy pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 \"that\", zat\u00edmco americk\u00e1 angli\u010dtina d\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159ednost \"this\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>VELK\u00c1 BRIT\u00c1NIE: <\/strong>To je kr\u00e1sn\u00e9, \u017ee? (i pro bl\u00edzk\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>USA: <\/strong>Vypad\u00e1 to skv\u011ble! (pro n\u011bco fyzicky nebo kontextov\u011b bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"4\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed komunikace (text, e-mail, soci\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u00e9dia)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>V digit\u00e1ln\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed mohou demonstrativn\u00ed v\u00fdrazy snadno p\u016fsobit neur\u010dit\u011b nebo p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 nev\u00fdrazn\u011b. <strong>P\u0159\u00edklady:<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Tohle je k popuk\u00e1n\u00ed (b\u011b\u017en\u011b se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v reakci na m\u00e9dia\/vzkazy)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>To je nep\u0159ijateln\u00e9. (form\u00e1ln\u00ed, ale v e-mailu nebo na Slacku m\u016f\u017ee p\u016fsobit tvrd\u011b)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Ty(\u010dasto ve spojen\u00ed s odkazy, seznamy nebo sn\u00edmky obrazovky)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"5\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Kulturn\u00ed a mezipodtextov\u00e1 srozumitelnost<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>V multikulturn\u00edm nebo v\u00edcejazy\u010dn\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed by demonstrativa nikdy nem\u011bla st\u00e1t samostatn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nespr\u00e1vn\u011b:<\/strong> To je \u0161patn\u011b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Spr\u00e1vn\u011b:<\/strong> Tento z\u00e1v\u011br je chybn\u00fd z d\u016fvodu chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Zde se dozv\u00edte, jak se vyhnout pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1gn\u00edch demonstrativ.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud va\u0161e v\u011bta za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 slovy this, that, these nebo those, zeptejte se:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>N\u00e1sleduje jasn\u00e9 podstatn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no nebo my\u0161lenka?<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>M\u016f\u017ee \u010dten\u00e1\u0159 snadno poznat, na co se vztahuje?<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>M\u011blo by smysl nahradit slovo \"to\" nebo \"oni\"?<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>P\u0159\u00edklady:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nespr\u00e1vn\u011b: <\/strong>To je nejasn\u00e9. (Co je to \"toto\"?)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Spr\u00e1vn\u011b: <\/strong>Tato \u010d\u00e1st zpr\u00e1vy nen\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u011b jasn\u00e1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud i po zodpov\u011bzen\u00ed t\u011bchto t\u0159\u00ed ot\u00e1zek p\u016fsob\u00ed v\u00e1\u0161 obsah st\u00e1le v\u00e1gn\u011b nebo se v\u00e1m neda\u0159\u00ed nav\u00e1zat kontakt s publikem, zkuste pou\u017e\u00edt tzv. <a href=\"https:\/\/undetectable.ai\/ai-humanizer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">AI Humanizer.<\/a>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Detector-and-Humanizer-1024x389.jpg\" alt=\"Sn\u00edmek obrazovky aplikace Undetectable AI zobrazuj\u00edc\u00ed rozhran\u00ed n\u00e1stroj\u016f Advanced AI Detector a Humanizer\" class=\"wp-image-10230\" title=\"\"><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/undetectable.ai\/ai-humanizer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Tento n\u00e1stroj<\/a> p\u0159episuje text tak, aby se co nejv\u00edce podobal p\u0159irozen\u00e9mu lidsk\u00e9mu p\u00edsmu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed chyby a jejich n\u00e1prava<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed ukazovac\u00edch z\u00e1jmen m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit, \u017ee v\u00e1\u0161 text bude nejasn\u00fd, opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se nebo gramaticky nevyhovuj\u00edc\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zde se dozv\u00edte, jak rozpoznat a opravit nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed chyby:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nejasn\u00e9 p\u0159edch\u016fdce<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Pou\u017eit\u00ed demonstrativa bez up\u0159esn\u011bn\u00ed, na co se vztahuje, \u010din\u00ed v\u011btu v\u00e1gn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nespr\u00e1vn\u011b: <\/strong>To je matouc\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Spr\u00e1vn\u011b:<\/strong> Toto vysv\u011btlen\u00ed je matouc\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Up\u0159esn\u011bte, na co \"this\" ukazuje, a to pojmenov\u00e1n\u00edm podstatn\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Zmatek ve vzd\u00e1lenosti<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Sm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed slov \"tento\/tyto\" (bl\u00edzk\u00fd) a \"ten\/tyto\" (vzd\u00e1len\u00fd) vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed logickou nekonzistenci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nespr\u00e1vn\u011b:<\/strong> Tamhleta hora je vysok\u00e1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Spr\u00e1vn\u011b: <\/strong>Tamhleta hora je vysok\u00e1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Pro objekty vzd\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v prostoru nebo \u010dase pou\u017e\u00edvejte \"that\/those\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Vzory nadm\u011brn\u00e9ho pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Opakov\u00e1n\u00ed demonstrativ v ka\u017ed\u00e9 v\u011bt\u011b oslabuje styl a srozumitelnost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nespr\u00e1vn\u011b: <\/strong>To je skv\u011bl\u00e9. Tohle je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9. Je to jasn\u00e9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Spr\u00e1vn\u011b: <\/strong>To je skv\u011bl\u00e9 - u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 a jasn\u00e9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Zkombinujte my\u0161lenky nebo je p\u0159eformulujte, abyste sn\u00ed\u017eili nadbyte\u010dnost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"4\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Chyby ve smlouv\u011b<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed demonstrativ v mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle (\"these\/those\") se slovesy nebo podstatn\u00fdmi jm\u00e9ny v jednotn\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle zp\u016fsobuje neshodu p\u0159edm\u011btu a slovesa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nespr\u00e1vn\u011b:<\/strong> To je probl\u00e9m.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Spr\u00e1vn\u011b: <\/strong>To jsou probl\u00e9my.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Shodujte demonstrativa mno\u017en\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla se slovesy\/podstatn\u00fdmi jm\u00e9ny v mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"5\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Redundance<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Opakov\u00e1n\u00ed demonstrativ ne\u00famysln\u011b zam\u011b\u0148uje v\u00fdznam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nespr\u00e1vn\u011b:<\/strong> Tato kniha je moje.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Spr\u00e1vn\u011b:<\/strong> Tato kniha je moje.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159i korektu\u0159e textu odstra\u0148te n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 duplicity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"6\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Chybn\u00fd odkaz na \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Pou\u017eit\u00ed slova \"those\" u podstatn\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na v jednotn\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed neshodu v \u010d\u00edsle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nespr\u00e1vn\u011b: <\/strong>Ta \u017eidle je rozbit\u00e1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Spr\u00e1vn\u011b: <\/strong>Ta \u017eidle je rozbit\u00e1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Ujist\u011bte se, \u017ee se demonstrativum shoduje s podstatn\u00fdm jm\u00e9nem v \u010d\u00edsle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vyzkou\u0161ejte si n\u00e1\u0161 detektor um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence a humaniz\u00e9r ve widgetu n\u00ed\u017ee!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"uai-widget\" data-affiliate-link=\"https:\/\/undetectable.ai\/?_by=hi4km\"><script>var js = document.createElement(\"script\");js.async = true;js.src = \"https:\/\/widget.undetectable.ai\/js\/widget-loader.js?t=\"+Date.now();document.getElementsByTagName(\"head\")[0].appendChild(js);<\/script><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9 my\u0161lenky<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Co je to ukazovac\u00ed z\u00e1jmeno? Je to mal\u00fd gramatick\u00fd n\u00e1stroj, kter\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro jasnou komunikaci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>St\u00e1le si nejste jisti, jak pou\u017e\u00edvat ukazovac\u00ed z\u00e1jmena?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zeptejte se sami sebe: Je objekt bl\u00edzko nebo daleko? V jednotn\u00e9m nebo mno\u017en\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle? To je va\u0161e odpov\u011b\u010f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ukazovac\u00ed z\u00e1jmena nejsou slo\u017eit\u00e1. Je v\u0161ak t\u0159eba, aby byla jasn\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V tomto blogu jsme pro v\u00e1s p\u0159ipravili p\u0159ehled v\u0161ech pojm\u016f, od definic a p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f a\u017e po praktick\u00e9 tipy pro pou\u017eit\u00ed a \u010dast\u00e9 chyby.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nyn\u00ed je t\u0159eba je pou\u017e\u00edt. A\u017e p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011b nap\u00ed\u0161ete \"tohle\", \"tohle\", \"tyhle\" nebo \"tyhle\", tak se sna\u017ete&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zeptejte se: Je jasn\u00e9, na co ukazuji? Bude \u010dten\u00e1\u0159 p\u0159esn\u011b v\u011bd\u011bt, co m\u00e1m na mysli?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud je odpov\u011b\u010f ano, jste na spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 cest\u011b. Pokud ne, prove\u010fte revizi. Ta vte\u0159ina p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161len\u00ed nav\u00edc zp\u0159esn\u00ed va\u0161e psan\u00ed.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pot\u0159ebujete pomoc s vylep\u0161en\u00edm gramatiky? Pou\u017eijte <a href=\"https:\/\/undetectable.ai\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/undetectable.ai\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Nezjistiteln\u00e1 AI<\/a>pro okam\u017eitou p\u0159ehlednost a p\u0159esnost.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":11572,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11565","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-helpful-ai-content-tips"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11565","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11565"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11565\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11613,"href":"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11565\/revisions\/11613"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11572"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11565"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11565"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/undetectable.ai/blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11565"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}